Complications of diabetes mellitus

There are mainly two types of complications associatedwith diabetes

Acute complications

1. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
2. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS)


Chronic complications

1. Microvascular

I. Eye disease; Retinopathy (nonproliferative/proliferative): Macular edema

II. Neuropathy; Sensory: motor (mono- and polyneuropathy):Autonomic

III. Nephropathy

2. Macrovascular

I. Coronary artery disease

II. Peripheral vascular disease

III. Cerebrovascular disease

3. Other


I. Gastrointestinal (gastroparesis, diarrhea)

II. Genitourinary (uropathy/sexual dysfunction)

III. Dermatologic

IV. Infectious

V. Cataracts

VI. Glaucoma

VII. Psychological problems